Composite metal.



L. B. TEBBETTS, 2D. COMPOSITE METAL. APPLICATION TILED saw. 23, 1912.

1,101,220, v 1 Patented June 23,191Q

v WW M NUM 'IPATENT OFFICE.-

nnwrsfn. "ruminants, 25, or sr. ou s, MISSOURI.

T azz ttmafi/ concern." I Be it known that I, Lnwrs B. TEBBE'rrs,

2d'.,' a citizen of the UnitedStatesof American/and a resident of thecity of St. Louis- 5 and State of Missouri, have invented cer- 'tain newand useful Improvements in Com- 4 posit-e Metals, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact'description, reference being had to theaccompanying. drawings, 1 forming a part of this specification.

qMy invention relates to acomposite metal made up of a plurality oflayers of metals f I having different characteristics, and it has foritsobject the production of a-.comp osit e' metal having qualities insome respects sim1-- lar to sheet tin, or tin coated sheet iron, butwhich is lighter in weight, less expensive to manufacture, isnon-"corrosive, and is of ai higher degree of inherent stiffness than jsheet tinalone, and a product much more desirable for use in the artsthan either sheet tin or tin coated. sheet iron.

Figure I is a cross sectionillustrating my composite sheet metal. Fig.II is a perspec-' tive view, showing the mold utilizedin producingingots of my composite'metal'.

My composite metal includes two outer layers of tin and an intermediatelayer of aluminum, the latter being either pure alu-' minum, or analloyof aluminum and not over' one and one-half per cent. of manganese or analloy of aluminum and not over two percent. of copper. "As iswell'known, tin is a metal very valuable for use in. the arts; butlacking stiff-- nessand rigidity, it cannot besatisfactorily employed innumerous instances by reason of itsrdeficiencv -in the qualitiesmentioned,

and it has heretofore'been one of the com- 40 monest practices to supplythe desired sti flness and rigidity in the use of tin by using only athin coating ofthe latter upon sheet iron. A tin coated iron product'isa'very unsatisfactory"product, owing to .the iron being corrosive, b'yreasonof which factthe product becomes deteriorated, inconsequence of aslight encroachment of moisture 4 beneath the surfacing of tin. Mycomposite metal comprising tin and aluminum, both of 59 which arenon-corrosive, is, therefore, 'a." much more desirableone than an ironcoated product, and is' also'a composite metal-much product comprisingiron p I metal fuseilthereto, as distinguished from more ductile than acoated Witht m." 1 Toproducea-commerci' made up of individual-layers,inchiding an f comrosrrn'mn mn Specification of Letters Patent. PatentedJune 23, 1914; Application filed September 23, 1912. Serial No. 721,821.

ness; This slab ,is introduced -.into1a mold and suitably supportedtherein, for example, in the manner illustrated in Fig. II, in whichtheslab is shown supported by pins .2 mounted in .the walls of themold 1. These pins, or any substitute therefor, are utilized to'sosupport the slab X that it will. be free 'to contact with'the bottom "ofthe mold and themold walls. The slab having been properly p'laced'in'themold,'I next pour molten tin into such mold for the production of theouter layers of my composite metal. This molten ti-n'is suflicient inquantity to inclose the aluminum slab and, whenthe molten metal becomescooled, there is present in the mold an ingot comprising an outermcasing body of the tin andan' inner core or core body of aluminum, vCooling of the ingot in the mold is preferably facilitated bycirculating water through theyvater jacket 3. The ingot of metalcomprising an aluminum core and outer casing .of tin is then taken fromthe moldand, havingv been scraped and brushed, is rolled in a rollingmill until the .metal has been reduced to'a desired thickness, say,about. one-fifth of the originalthickness of the ingot, the initialrolling oneration'being one involving severe and rapid pressure by therolls. Whenthe ingot has been'rolled'to the degree mentione'd. it is ina condition that may be .terined"broken down and,'thereafter, the slab"thathas been produced by the initial rolling may be rolled toany-necessary further degree by passing-it between the rollers the same.as' in rolling a slab or sheet Composed of. only a single layer ofmetal.

1 I, desire to herestate that I am 'aware efiorts have heretofore beenmade to produce composite metal articles in which tin has been fused toaluminum: but, in so far as I am aware, all of these efforts haveinvolved in the aluminum being alloyed with the -my composite metal in'which the aluminum a1 "compgsite' metal is to the metal 'as to avoidfusing the carrying out ofa method that -;resulted 0f the'twometa1s,.thus providing for each retaining its original-identity andmerits. If the elements of a composite metal article such as enter intomy compo'site'metal are combined byfollowing the steps heretoforeroposed to be followed, the outer metalsare eterigrated in nature tosuch a degree as to render theproduct of little commercial 'yalue ascompared withv the commercial -value of my composite metal article forthe pse lntended. 7

When a composite metal such as herein E'described is so produced as toresult in an alloy detracts greatly from the utility of the" Lcompositemetals, for the reason that the metals cannot be properly worked invarious operations necessary to manufacturers, such as spinning, drawingand stamping. This "is due to the alloys weakening the composite fimetaland rendering it only of such strength its Weakest part, viz.,t hat M asis indicated by comprising the alloy.

is well to add in conclusion that the therewith.

'highlydesirable characteristic of my com poslte metal article,- namelyfthefeature of the aluminum and tin of the metal, being unalloyed witheach other, isderived by. being inan' un-v reason of the aluminum moltenstate when the tin is placed therearound in a suitable mold, therebycausing the tin to be chilled-by the mold during the molding. operation,without opportunity for the alloying of the aluminum with the tinmetals. The subsequent'operations of rolling the cast ingot result inthe unalloyed metals being ca-used'to-dohere to eachother;"co'nsequently,'when all of the steps'necessary to they productionof my metalhaye been car ried-out, a metal article is acquired in whichthe tin and the aluminum core arevpresent in unalloyed condition, andeachmetal is susceptible" of performing it'sfindividual function, ascontemplated'fwithout detrimental efiect thereon by 'the'other metal.

A composite metal, comprising an intermediate layer of aluminum, andouter layers of tin, the layers ,of-tin directly adhering to the layerof aluminum and being'una-lloyed p LEWIS B. TEBBETTS '21). 'In thepresence of-- Q 1 A; J QMCCAULEY,

